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Refractive Errors
Refractive errors are due to changes in the length or curvature of the eyeball. It may be
• Myopia ( near-sightedness) when the patient can see for near but not for far. This is corrected by minus powered glasses or contact lenses.
• Hypermetropia ( long sightedness): The patient requires a plus power for correction both for far and near vision.
• Astigmatism: (Cylindrical ): In this, the light is focused only in one meridian. The corrective spectacles or lenses are usually required for constant use.
Usually refractive errors arise in the school years, that is between 6-18 years. Rarely, one may be born with an error. The number of the glasses changes as the child grows so one should have an eye check-up once year.
Refractive errors may be treated with Spectacles, Contact lenses or Refractive surgery
Myopia in children usually starts around age 5-6 years and progresses as the child grows. Some of the factors leading to rapid progression of power include increased screen time, inadequate exposure to sunlight and not wearing correct prescription glasses. Myopia progression can be controlled by regular eye checks and wearing the correct prescription. There are special Myopia control glasses which may be prescribed in certain cases. Children should be encouraged to play outside and have limited screen time.
» Laser Vision Correction: LASIK/Femto-Lasik/PRK
» Implantable Collamer Lens (ICL)/ Phakic IOL
» MICS/FLACS with Multifocal/Trifocal